Một số khái quát về tổn thất trong bảo hiểm hàng hải

INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT LOSS

1. DEFINITION

Loss is damage, fee or scarification of the subject-matter insured caused by international transport risks.

Loss is a general concept and can be classified into 2 following types:

➢ “Dynamic” loss: the loss of commodities caused by the external impacts and influenced the value of objects. Ex: The impact of science and technology makes electronic appliances become outdated, or a decrease in the price of commodities for some reasons is also considered as the "dynamic” loss. “Dynamic” loss is not insured.

➢ "Static" loss: the loss caused by damage, loss or sacrifice of objects. "Static" loss is usually insured and can be one of the followings:

 Loss of the objects.

 Income loss caused by the loss of the use of the objects.

 Loss on costs (foreign exchange arising from the material loss of objects).

 Responsibility loss for others. Ex: There was a collision between ship A and ship B, ship A was wrong completely, so ship A would be responsible for a compensation for ship B. Responsibility loss is also insured.

Distinguishing Loss from Damage

Loss is a risk that can’t be seen and can’t be touched. For example, we delivered 10 packages, but only 8 packages arrived at the port, so 2 missing packages were considered as loss that we can’t determine by eyes or by hands.

Damage is a risk that we can see or touch. For example, when the commodities arrived at the port, they were broken or scratched already ... we can realize these losses obviously.