VALENTIN TURCHIN presents in The Phenomenon of Science an evolutionaryscheme of the universe�one that begins on the level of individual atoms andmolecules, continues through the origin of life and the development of plants andanimals, reaches the level of man and self-consciousness, and develops further in theintellectual creations of man, particularly in scientific knowledge. He does not see thisdevelopment as a purposeful or preordained one, since he accepts entirely theDarwinian law of trial and error.