A compilation of modern hands-on methods using microbes and enzymes to produce and modify carbohydrates of potential and actual commercial value. These powerful methods enable both the expert and the beginner to generate polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, and carbohydrate-based surfactants by fermentation using enzymes. Additional techniques make it possible to produce derivatives of sugars, other oligosaccharides, and sugar derivatives using enzyme technology. Carbohydrate Biotechnology Protocols offers synthetic chemists, biochemists, fermentation technologists, and applied enzymologists cutting-edge techniques-many of them hitherto unavailable-that are cleaner and often less costly than available chemical alternatives..