Chapter 1 - Introduction 1

1.1 The Need for Third-Generation Wireless Technologies . 1

Chapter 2 - Evolution of Wireless Technologies from 2G to 3G . 3

2.1 The Path to Third Generation (3G) . 3

2.2 GSM Evolution . 5

2.3 TDMA (IS-136) Evolution . 6

2.4 CDMA (IS-95) Evolution . 6

2.5 Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) 7

2.6 PDC . 8

Chapter 3 – General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Link Performance 9

3.1 GPRS Data Rates 9

3.2 Link Quality Control . 9

3.3 GPRS Channel Coding . 10

3.4 Simulations on GPRS Receiver Performance . 12

3.4.1 Background to the Research on GPRS Receiver Performance . 12

3.4.2 GPRS Link Performance in Noise Limited Environments . 12

3.4.3 GPRS Link Performance in Interference Limited Environments . 15

3.5 GPRS Uplink Throughput 19

3.6 Discussion . 23

Chapter 4 – Enhanced Data Rates for the GSM Evolution (EDGE) Link Performance 24

4.1 EDGE Modulations and Data Rates . 24

4.2 Link Quality Control . 25

4.3 EDGE Channel Coding . 26

4.4 Simulations on EDGE (EGPRS) Receiver Performance 33

4.4.1 Background on the Research of EDGE Receiver Performance 33

4.4.2 EDGE Bit Error Rate (BER) Link Performance . 34

4.4.2.1 EDGE Bit Error Rate (BER) Link Performance in Noise Limited

Environments 34

4.4.2.2 EDGE Bit Error Rate (BLER) Link Performance in Interference

Limited Environments 42

4.4.3 EDGE Block Error Rate (BLER) Link Performance 49

4.4.3.1 EDGE Block Error Rate (BLER) Link Performance in Noise Limited

Environments 49

4.4.3.2 EDGE Block Error Rate (BLER) Link Performance in Interference

Limited Environments 58

4.4.4 EDGE Link Performance with Receiver Impairments . 66

4.4.4.1 Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) . 66

4.4.4.2 EDGE Block Error Rate (BLER) Link Performance in Noise Limited

Environments with EVM and Frequency Offset 67

4.4.4.3 Block Error Rate (BLER) Performance in Interference-Limited

Environments with EVM and Frequency Offset 72

4.5 EDGE (EGPRS) Downlink Throughput Simulations . 76

4.5.1 Downlink Throughput in Noise Limited Environments . 77

4.5.2 Downlink Throughput in Interference Limited Environments . 82

4.6 Discussion . 86

Chapter 5 – Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) Link Performance 87

5.1 WCDMA Channel Structure . 87

5.1.1 Transport Channels 87

5.1.1.1 Dedicated Transport Channel (DCH) . 88

5.1.1.2 Common Transport Channels . 89

5.1.2 Physical Channels 90

5.1.2.1 Uplink Physical Channels . 91

5.1.2.2 Downlink Physical Channels 91

5.1.3 Mapping of Transport Channels to Physical Channels 92

5.2 Channel Coding and Modulation 93

5.2.4 Error Control Coding . 93

5.2.5 Uplink Coding, Spreading and Modulation . 95

5.2.5.1 Channel Coding and Multiplexing 95

5.2.5.2 Spreading (Channelization Codes) . 98

5.2.5.3 Uplink Scrambling 101

5.2.5.4 Uplink Dedicated Channel Structure 103

5.2.5.5 Modulation 104

5.2.6 Downlink Coding and Modulation 105

5.2.6.1 Channel Coding and Multiplexing 105

5.2.6.2 Spreading (Channelization Codes) . 107

5.2.6.3 Downlink Scrambling . 108

5.2.6.4 Downlink Dedicated Channel Structure . 109

5.2.6.5 Downlink Modulation . 110

5.3 WCDMA Power Control Mechanisms . 111

5.4 Simulations on WCDMA Link Performance 113

5.4.1 Background to the Simulation Results . 113

5.4.2 Simulation Environments and Services . 114

5.4.2.1 The Circuit Switched and Packet Switched Modes 115

5.4.3 Downlink Performance 117

5.4.3.1 Speech, Indoor Office A, 3 Km/h . 118

5.4.3.2 Speech, Outdoor to Indoor and Pedestrian A, 3 Km/h . 120

5.4.3.3 Speech, Vehicular A, 120 Km/h . 122

5.4.3.4 Speech, Vehicular B, 120 Km/h . 124

5.4.3.5 Speech, Vehicular B, 250 Km/h . 126

5.4.3.6 Circuit Switched, Long Constrained Data Delay – LCD, Multiple

Channel Types 128

5.4.3.7 Unconstrained Data Delay - UDD 144, Vehicular A . 130

5.4.3.8 Unconstrained Data Delay - UDD 384, Outdoor to Indoor 132

5.4.3.9 Unconstrained Data Delay - UDD 2048, Multiple Channel Types 134

5.4.4 Downlink Performance in the Presence of Interference 136

5.5 Discussion . 138

Chapter 6 - Conclusions 139

Appendix A - Abbreviations and Acronyms 142

References and Bibliography 145

VITA . 14