Contents Foreword X Preface xiii Acknowledgements xv 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Long Haul Fiber Networks . 1 1.3 From Glass to Systems Outline . 9 1.2 Historical Development of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers . 5 2 OPTICAL FIBER FABRICATION 13 2.1 Introduction . 13 2.2 Conventional Communication Fiber 14 2.3 Rare Earth Doped Fibers 16 2.3.1 Rare Earth Vapor Phase Delivery Methods 16 2.3.2 Rare Earth Solution-Doping Methods . 21 2.3.3 Rod and Tube Methods 23 2.4 Pump-Signal Interaction Methods . 25 2.4.1 Evanescent Field 25 2.4.2 Double Clad Fiber Design . 26 2.5 Compositions 27 2.6 Physical Properties . 29 2.6.2 Strength and Reliability 30 2.6.3 Alternate Glass Host Fabrication . 30 2.6.1 Fiber Refractivehdex andCompositionProfile . 29 3 COMPONENTS AND INTEGRATION 43 3.1 Introduction . 43 3.2 Fiber Connectors 43 3.3 Fusion Splicing . 48 3.4 Pump and Signal Combiners 50 3.5 Isolators . 52 3.6 Circulators . 53 3.7 Filters 55 3.8 Fiber Gratings . 55 3.8.1 Introduction...